GPAT - PGCET - GATE Study Material related to CNS Stimulants

GPAT Study Material related to CNS Stimulants
For Quick Reference

CNS Stimulants :

Sympathomimetic agents - elevate mood, increase alertness, supress appetite,
task performance enhancement


Sites of Action

Cerebral Cortex - Amphetamines


Medulla and brainstem - Analeptics


Hypothalamic and limbic regions - Anorexiants
 
CNS Stimulants Types :
 
    Amphetamines - mood elevators, prolong wakefulness



                             Also used to treat narcolepsy and ADHD


                             High risk for abuse - classified as Schedule II (CSA)

   -   Analeptics   -  stimulate respiratory drive when reflex lost


                                    rarely used; include aminophylline, caffiene

   Anorexiants   -     suppress appetite
 
Side / Adverse Effects of  CNS Stimulants :
 
 CNS - Anxiety, Insomnia, tremors, blurred vision



 CV - Palpitations, dysrhythmias, hypertension, angina


 GI - N/V/D, Abdominal pain, dry mouth


 GU - Increased urinary frequency, diuresis


 Endocrine - Hypo/hyperglycemia, increased metabolic rate
 
Toxicity  of   CNS Stimulants :
 
-  Interactions that are dangerous -



    Beta-blockers, Tricyclic antidepressants,
    MAOIs, - Dysrhythmias, Hypertension, Headaches


    May cause seizures in combination with other CNS stimulants


-   No specific antagonist; treat symptomatically